|
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Lucius Curtis, 2nd Baronet, KCB, DL (3 June 1786 – 14 January 1869) was a senior officer of the Royal Navy during the nineteenth century. The son of Sir Roger Curtis, 1st Baronet, Lord Howe's flag captain at the Glorious First of June, Lucius served during the Napoleonic Wars and was heavily involved in the Mauritius campaign of 1810. During this campaign, Curtis commanded the frigate HMS ''Magicienne'' with the blockade squadron under Josias Rowley and was still in command when the ship was destroyed at the Battle of Grand Port. ''Magicienne'' grounded on a coral reef early in the engagement and despite the best efforts of Curtis and his crew, the ship had to be abandoned, Curtis setting her on fire to prevent her subsequent capture. After Curtis was freed from captivity in December 1810, he was cleared of any wrongdoing in the loss of his ship and returned to his naval career. He later rose to become an Admiral of the Fleet. As his eldest son predeceased him, the baronetcy in 1869 passed to his second son, Arthur. ==Early career== Born the second son of Captain Roger Curtis and his wife Jane Sarah Brady, Curtis joined the Royal Navy in June 1795, by which time his father was an admiral and a senior but controversial figure in the Admiralty.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Curtis, Sir Roger )〕 He was appointed to the first-rate HMS ''Queen Charlotte'' in the Channel Squadron and then, having been promoted to midshipman, transferred to the second-rate HMS ''Prince'' also in the Channel Squadron in August 1798.〔Heathcote, p. 64〕 Promoted to lieutenant on 11 August 1801, he joined the third-rate HMS ''Lancaster'', flagship of the Cape of Good Hope Station, later that month.〔 In 1802, Curtis' elder brother, also named Roger, died suddenly in naval service: as the remaining son, Curtis received strong patronage due to his family links. He transferred to the third-rate HMS ''Excellent'' in September 1803 and, having been promoted to commander on 16 November 1804, became commanding officer of the sloop HMS ''Jalouse'' in the Mediterranean Fleet later that month and then commanding officer of the sloop HMS ''Rose'' in June 1805.〔 Promoted to post-captain on 22 January 1806, Curtis took command of the frigate HMS ''Magicienne'', with orders to operate in the Indian Ocean as part of the squadron attempting to blockade the French held islands of Île Bonaparte and Isle de France (now Mauritius). Arriving during hurricane season in December 1809, Curtis had an immediate impact, sighting, chasing and capturing the East Indiaman ''Windham'', previously captured by the French Commodore Jacques Hamelin at the Action of 18 November 1809.〔James, p. 203〕 In 1810, ''Magicienne'' remained off the islands, participating in the Invasion of Île Bonaparte in July and subsequently supporting Captain Samuel Pym off Grand Port. Pym was intending to blockade the harbour to French shipping, but when a squadron under Guy-Victor Duperré arrived off the port on 20 August, Pym sought to lure them into coastal waters and engage them. Duperré successfully broke through Pym's ships however, and took shelter within the harbour. Pym gathered his frigates together and sailed directly into the harbour on 22 August to engage the French. Lacking harbour pilots, Pym's HMS ''Sirius'', Henry Lambert's HMS ''Iphigenia'' and ''Magicienne'' were soon aground on the coral reefs that sheltered the bay, and the remaining British ship, Nesbit Willoughby's HMS ''Nereide'', was forced to surrender by the French frigates in the port. Of the grounded ships, only ''Iphigenia'' sailed again, captured by Hamelin five days later. ''Sirius'' and ''Magicienne'' were burnt, their crews taking shelter on the tiny Île de la Passe. Without food or fresh water, the sailors were forced to surrender to Hamelin when he arrived and were held prisoner until Isle de France was captured by a British expeditionary force four months later.〔James, p. 281–295〕 Curtis was completely exonerated at the court martial convened to investigate the loss of his ship, given command of the newly re-captured fifth-rate HMS ''Iphigenia'' in January 1812 and given command of the fifth-rate HMS ''Madagsacar'' in February 1813.〔Heathcote, p. 65〕 He continued to rise in the navy, being appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 4 June 1815 and inheriting his father's baronetcy in November 1816.〔 He also became a Deputy Lieutenant of Hampshire on 17 March 1817. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lucius Curtis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|